Topic: Food Production

Order Description ,
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2015 EWB Challenge:
Reignite Action for Development
The title of your design project
Deakin College

Group Number
• Name, ID #
• Name, ID #
• Name, ID #
• Name, ID #
• Name, ID #
• Name, ID #

¬¬¬About the Cover Page (Delete these guidance notes in your report as you compile it – so that when the final version of the report is completed by the end of Week 11 all of these guidance notes have been removed. Or use the “blank” version of this report template document, with all guidance notes deleted, to compile your group’s design report.)

This is the front cover of your report document. You are encouraged to use colour, graphics, and images to customise this page and make it unique for your group’s report. But at the same time aim to keep the cover page relatively clean, uncluttered and “business like” in style and layout. You can use colour in your report but make sure that the report document can be printed or copied in black and white and remain legible.

The cover page must at least include the following information:
1. The title of your design project
2. Your unique group id (session & group number or cloud-linked group number)
3. A list of all the group members (first name, last name, student id for each)
You can alter the layout and style as long as this essential information appears here.

Executive Summary
The executive summary condenses your entire report into a concise quick-to-read section of generally one-to-two pages length.

Unlike an introduction section, the goal of an executive summary is inform the reader of the scope, major issues, analyses, highlights, and recommendations that are contained and presented in full detail in subsequent sections of the report.

It is called and executive summary since it is written as though it will be read by a busy executive who doesn’t have time to read the full report but seeks to be fully informed by reading a brief, concise, and complete summary of the report.

In the writing process for reports it is generally best to leave this section as one of the last you write since it needs to be a summary of the entire report (so it makes little sense to attempt to write it before you have a near-complete draft of the full report itself).

For this font style, font size, page margins, paragraph settings, etc., this section should be about one to two pages in length - not exceeding two pages in length.

Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3
LIST OF FIGURES 5
1 INTRODUCTION 6
2 GROUP REFLECTION 6
3 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 6
3.1 SOCIAL IMPACT 7
3.2 ECONOMIC IMPACT 7
3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 7
4 DESIGN PROCESS 8
5 NEEDS DEFINITION 8
5.1 SCOPE 9
5.2 BACKGROUND 9
5.3 EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS 9
5.4 SERVICE SPECIFICATION FOR THE DESIGN 9
5.5 OPERATING CONDITIONS SPECIFICATION FOR THE DESIGN 9
5.6 GENUINE TARGETS SPECIFICATION FOR THE DESIGN 10
6 CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS 10
6.1 SUMMARY 10
6.2 OPTION 1: MAINTAIN STATUS QUO 10
6.3 OPTION 2: TITLE 11
6.4 OPTION 3: TITLE 11
6.5 OPTION 4: TITLE 11
6.6 EVALUATION OF OPTIONS 12
7 PROPOSED DESIGN 13
7.1 SUMMARY 13
7.2 DESCRIPTION 13
7.3 EVALUATION 13
7.3.1 SPECIFICATION ANALYSIS 13
7.3.2 TEST RESULTS ANALYSIS 14
7.3.3 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 14
7.3.4 LEGAL AND REGULATORY ANALYSIS 14
7.3.5 HEALTH AND SAFETY ANALYSIS 14
7.3.6 STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES ANALYSIS 15
8 NEXT STEPS 15
8.1 DETAILED DESIGN 16
8.2 IMPLEMENTATION 16
8.2.1 IMPLEMENTATION OVERVIEW 17
8.2.2 IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS 17
8.2.3 ENGINEERING DRAWINGS FOR IMPLEMENTATION 17
8.2.4 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION 17
8.2.5 RESOURCE PRODUCTION 18
9 ADDITIONAL APPLICATIONS OF THE PROPOSED SOLUTION 20
10 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 20
11 REFERENCES 20
12 APPENDICES 21
12.1 APPENDIX 1 21
12.2 APPENDIX 2 21

List of Figures
Figure 1: For Figure Purposes 5

Figure 1: For Figure Purposes

1 Introduction
This section introduces the reader to the main topic covered by this report. It briefly describes the main topic addressed by this report including scope (but not as much detail as the Scope section) and the main issues involved.

An introduction section is not an abstract or executive summary. Think literally here – this section is simply intended to introduce the reader to topic(s) and issue(s) covered within the report but it is not intended to provide a summary of what is presented in the report.

For this font style, font size, page margins, paragraph settings, etc., this section should be about one-quarter to one-half pages in length - not exceeding one page in length.
2 Group Reflection
The group reflection section captures the collective opinion of your group for the project, your groups’ findings and what the inspirations for your group to finish the project were. This is an ideal opportunity to reflect on the review criteria of the challenge and identify the strengths and limitations of your work.

You should consider the following while reflection:
• What was the largest obstacle you faced while working on the Challenge?
• What impact did working as a group have on your project?
• If you had it to do over again what would you change about the project?
• What was the most enjoyable part of the Challenge experience?"

For this font style, font size, page margins, paragraph settings, etc., this body text of this section should be at least three-quarters of a page. Aim for this section to be one to two pages in length.
3 Impact Assessment
This is one of the most important sections for your report. It is here that you discuss the major issues related to the sustainable development aspects of your proposed solution. Although it is placed near the beginning of the report your group should complete most of the rest of the report before tackling this section. It has been placed here for tactical reasons – to explicitly emphasise the focus on sustainability that your group has maintained for this project and to make sure it is one of the first in-depth sections read for your report.

In this section you need to discuss the expected impact of your proposed design as a solution to the problem you have defined. In particular you need to consider the impact of your solution if implemented in terms of the major social, economic, and environmental factors that would affect the local community. Don’t forget to consider the lifecycle issues for your proposed design.

This is very important section of your report so make sure to be thorough in evaluating the social, economic, and environmental impacts as assessed for your group’s proposed design solution. Most importantly make sure to thoroughly consider, justify, and describe the social and/or economic and/or environmental benefits of your solution with emphasis on the impacts to the local community.
3.1 Social Impact
Make sure to consider both benefits and detriments that are expected and also possible for your designed solution. Provide a detailed, reasoned, and justified analysis of the estimated impact of the proposed solution on the local community.

Did your group perform a stakeholder analysis? If so then include it here. What about any cultural or regional issues to consider? Does your proposed solution require any change to long-established customs or social norms in the local community (or communities)? Or vice-versa, have any cultural issues required the proposed solution to specifically accommodate them?

Are there any significant issues identified? What is/are your proposal(s) to overcome and/or manage them?
3.2 Economic Impact
Make sure to consider both benefits and detriments that are expected and also possible for your designed solution. Provide a detailed, reasoned, and justified analysis of the estimated impact of the proposed solution on the local community.

In this section provide a basic cost analysis for your designed solution. These are the costs the local community would encounter when implementing and operating/using your proposed solution. You should aim to estimate the actual costs involved in implementing and operating/using your proposed solution – so make sure to use cost data applicable to the local community.

If applicable, identify any cost savings or revenue (income) generated by your solution for the local community as compared to existing solutions or alternatives. To quantify the financial benefits of your solution use one of the common capital finance option evaluation methods such as the Payback Method. For “real world” applications we would preferably use the Net Present Value (NPV) Method for financial analysis of the proposed solution but for this first year design project your group can use the simpler (but less accurate) Payback Method. (In third year we will study why the Payback Method is less accurate and less reliable than the NPV method for the financial evaluation of options.)
3.3 Environmental Impact
Make sure to consider both benefits and detriments that are expected and also possible for your designed solution. Provide a detailed, reasoned, and justified analysis of the estimated impact of the proposed solution on the local community.
4 Design Process
Describe the Whole System Design process used by your group for this project. For this project your group should have performed at least three of the four phases of the process – phases 1, 2, and 3.

Remember that for this project your group should have implemented Phase 1 (Needs Definition) and Phase 2 (Conceptual Design) of the design process in the typical manner as prescribed for Whole System Design but for Phase 3 (Preliminary Design) we only developed the preferred conceptual design option (and not all conceptual design options) in order to produce the proposed design.

Describe how your group approached and undertook the different design phases for your project including how your group identified, managed, and allocated (within the group) the tasks to be performed. How was the work allocated within the group? What roles were performed by the individuals in your group? Explain what method(s) your group used to develop your design concepts from the Needs Definition developed in phase 1 of your design process?

Make sure to emphasise in this section (and your report overall) that Whole System Design as implemented here is a design process that integrates sustainability into all phases of the design process. You should also make clear from what phase, and at what stage of completion for this phase, the proposed solution from your group as documented in this report has been produced. For example, has your group produced the current proposed solution as documented in this report from phase 3 (Preliminary Design) of the design process?

Did your group complete phase 3? If not what stage of completion for Phase 3 was achieved? What phase(s) need to be completed or undertaken in the design process used to fully develop the design so that it is ready to be implemented? For example, would phase 4 (Detail Design) need to be undertaken prior to your proposed solution being implemented?
5 Needs Definition
This section specifies the purpose of the design: what is the problem being addressed, what are the requirements, and how will expected performance of the designed solution be assessed?

Make sure your group puts enough effort into the development and documentation of this. The adequacy, quality, and relevance of your designed solution cannot be assessed if the Needs Definition used for the design process is vague, incomplete, in error, or poorly documented. Remember that the design process is a logical and sequential one where we research, define, and document a problem before we attempt to develop design concepts, a preliminary design, and a detailed design. More effort spent on this Phase of your group’s design should reap benefits for making it easier and more efficient to work on and complete the subsequent design process phases – and reduce significantly any wasted effort in designing products or services that do not, or cannot, satisfy the actual needs of the problem being tackled.
5.1 Scope
This section describes what the problem is that your group has attempted to solve. Make sure to clearly and fully define what the problem is, who/what does it affect, and what is the significance of it? Make sure to cite sources of information in the body text with the corresponding bibliography provided in the References section.
5.2 Background
Provide a detailed background to the local community (or communities) being addressed by your project and the problem(s) you are specifically seeking to address in your designed solution. For example, if you are developing a medical device, the background would be a tutorial on the medical condition, as it impacts the local community (or communities) that will be targeted for treatment by the designed device. Make sure to cite sources of information in the body text with the corresponding bibliography provided in the References section.
5.3 Existing technologies and solutions
Describe all of the “prior” information relevant to the problem you are addressing in your design, which means all relevant existing technology and methods. This can include commercial products, academic journal articles and theses, and patents. Make sure to cite sources of information in the body text with the corresponding bibliography provided in the References section.
5.4 Service Specification for the Design
Translates the customer needs into an unambiguous list of needs. This is what your designed product/service/process must do. Make sure to prioritise, identify, and discuss the most important needs on the list. Make sure to be thorough and complete in developing and preparing the service specification – as it is the essential core of your Needs Definition. It literally defines what your designed solution is seeking to provide.

Make sure to focus on the local community (or communities) which are the target market for your designed solution.
5.5 Operating Conditions Specification for the Design
Define the operating environment requirements and the performance requirements. Provide quantifiable attributes (or metrics) that can be assigned a number, numerical range, upper bound, or lower bound. Ideally the list of attributes (or metrics) should be directly mappable to the list of needs (requirements, characteristics) from the Service Specification.

Make sure to focus on the local community (or communities) which is the target market for your designed solution. This may not be easy, especially for the EWB Challenge local communities, where there is often a lack of easily available information and data.
Make sure to identify and discuss any assumptions, estimates, or “guesstimates” used in your operating conditions specification.
5.6 Genuine Targets Specification for the Design
Benchmark a set of similar existing products/services/processes according to the Operating Conditions Specification’s list of attributes. Develop a set of ideal (target) and acceptable values for all attributes in the Operating Conditions Specification. The set of target values that your design needs to cope with (operating environment) and needs to deliver (performance requirements).

Make sure to focus on the local community (or communities) which are the target market for your designed solution. This may not be easy, especially for the EWB Challenge local communities, where there is often a lack of easily available information and data.
6 Conceptual Designs
This section outlines all of the different options available to solve the problem. EWB would ideally like to see a minimum of 4 options including the option to retain the status quo (keep everything as-is and make no change). For your group’s project topic there may have been only 2 unique conceptual design options developed by you – in this case your report should describe at least three options (the two options developed by your group plus the status quo option).

Where possible encourage your group to be creative, think laterally, and develop multiple conceptual design options. Don’t be too dismissive of early concepts that your group creates – allow the concepts to be created. Remember that the options evaluation stage is where you identify the strongest option (or options) for further design development and where you end development effort of the less suitable or unfeasible options.

This section outlines the details of this design option and explains how the option meets each of the design criteria assessed previously. This format should be replicated for each subsequent option considered.

For this process it may be useful to imagine a member of the community using your group’s designed solution and considering how they would feel about its use, by-products and cost to operate. In SED102 this trimester you studied the user analysis method for performing this.
6.1 Summary
Describe the conceptual design phase of your project. What conceptual designs did your group develop and consider? Were there specific needs that particular options were developed to primarily address? What are the major differences between the options?
6.2 Option 1: Maintain Status Quo
This is the “do nothing: option. It is used to provide a benchmark for assessing the relative performance offered by your developed design options. Importantly it is useful as a sanity check to make sure that your proposed design will produce an acceptable beneficial outcome compared to the current situation.

This task should not be too demanding since by default you normally consider the “do nothing” option when developing the specifications for your Needs Definition. So remember not to expend too much effort on this option.
6.3 Option 2: Title
Fully describe the individual conceptual design developed here as a potential solution to address your Needs Definition. Include any relevant sketches, diagrams, calculations, etc.

Remember that the visual presentation of information in design is an extremely effective communication method. Consider and apply the methods and techniques you have been studying in SED102 Engineering Graphics and CAD this trimester.

Don’t be afraid to include some of the more “fanciful” options your group developed. Even if your group decided not to select them for further design effort to make them preliminary designs there may still be potential in them (even if your group cannot identify it).

A good set of conceptual designs (in number and in quality of documentation for each) also clearly communicates that your group was thorough in this design phase and sought to identify all possible options to solve the problem(s).

If only one or two conceptual designs is presented then it can convey a message that the preliminary and/or final design was developed from the first thing that the designer(s) conceived as a possible solution. As you would expect this can convey a message that the designed and proposed solution is the result of a “bare minimum” of effort and is unlikely to be high quality or outstanding.

Sometimes there are only a few conceptual designs worth considering and documenting – and in this case you need to be aware of this issue and so make sure that a smaller set of conceptual designs is more than adequately documented and presented so that there is no doubt that the design process has been thorough and the result of considerable effort.

Repeat for each conceptual design option you group developed and considered.
6.4 Option 3: Title
As above. Repeat for each conceptual design option you group developed and considered.
6.5 Option 4: Title
As above. Repeat for each conceptual design option you group developed and considered.
6.6 Evaluation of Options
This part forms the final step of your conceptual design phase. You need to compare all options using the Needs Definition as your primary basis. Tables can be effective in presenting this information and which can also be reproduced in the Executive Summary section of this report

You will need to clearly identify and fully justify your preferred option (or options) here and justify any trade-offs between needs (from your Service Specification). It should be clear from reading this section why you have chosen your preferred conceptual design option(s) to further work with in the design process and develop into a preliminary design(s).

Did your group perform a cost benefit analysis of the conceptual options? If so then describe and provide the analysis here.

Are there any other considerations or factors, perhaps not included or documented in the Needs Definition that influenced the evaluation process? For example, issues related to the availability of materials or resources for the local community (or communities) that affected the selection of options? Or are there local transportation issues that need to be considered? For example, how would materials, supplies, and equipment be transported to site within the local community (or communities)?

For the EWB Challenge make sure to fully consider the potential impacts of each conceptual option, especially within the local community (or communities) that are being targeted for your designed solution.

When performing an analysis and evaluation of the conceptual designs did this process identify new concepts or enable existing concepts to be further refined? Were deficiencies or errors in the existing Needs Definition identified? Don’t be afraid to “go back” and repeat stages (or even entire phases) of the design process on an iterative basis as needed.

The general advice in design work is to identify and rectify any flaws in the design as soon as possible in the design process. This may mean “going back” and revising or repeating some stages, or even phases. But keep in mind what the goal is here; what you are seeking to accomplish as the ultimate output of the design process. You are seeking to produce the best design possible given the constraints the conditions that exist. You are not seeking to simply produce any design, regardless of what value it offers as a proposed solution. You are seeking to produce the best design possible; that offers the maximum value as a proposed solution.

This stage of the design process is often overlooked and underestimated as to how much effort and attention should be given to undertaking and documenting a thorough analysis and evaluation of the options. Make sure that your report is clear and thorough in justifying why the preferred option(s) has been selected for further development in the design process.

7 Proposed Design
This section describes your group’s preliminary design (or designs) that is proposed as a solution to the problem. It describes both what the solution is and how it works. The areas below are sections to consider including in your report.

As this is a general design report outline seeking to cover all design areas and topics within the EWB Challenge it is likely that your group will need to include other sections specific and relevant to your actual design project.
7.1 Summary
In a few paragraphs, summarise your proposed solution. Describe what it does and how it works. You may want to describe a scenario for its use. It should be clear here how this is a viable solution to the problem being addressed.
7.2 Description
This section contains the detailed description of the design solution. Start by describing your solution and how it works at an overall (all-inclusive) systems level. Where appropriate for your design also provide a description of the major system elements (or sub-systems).

Remember that the visual presentation of information in design is an extremely effective communication method. Consider and apply the methods and techniques you have been studying in SED102 Engineering Graphics and CAD this trimester.

Make sure that the description of your design, what it is and how it operates, or performs, needs to be thorough and detailed.

And be honest – don’t exaggerate performance or ignore any issues or deficiencies. Almost all, if not all, of the problems presented in the EWB Challenge are existing problems seeking solutions for a reason. It is a genuine design challenge to develop solutions that seek to solve these problems.
7.3 Evaluation
In this section verify the proposed solution (your proposed design). This is done by using the Needs Definition specifications plus other relevant analyses such as a cost analysis, regulatory analysis, and safety analysis.
7.3.1 Specification Analysis
Compare your proposed design against the original specifications in the Needs Definition. Make sure to identify any significant non-compliance issues – where your proposed design fails to satisfy minimum requirements for the most important needs.
7.3.2 Test Results Analysis
If your group produced and tested any prototypes and/or performed any modelling for your preliminary design then provide the results of any testing and/or modelling you undertook on them. If this step was not performed by your group then delete this section from your report.
7.3.3 Cost Benefit Analysis
Did your group conduct a cost benefit analysis of your proposed design(s)? You may have performed a cost benefit analysis of the corresponding conceptual design(s) and documented this as part of the Conceptual Design phase but it is reasonable to also perform a separate, and often more thorough and more detailed, cost analysis of the resulting preliminary design(s).

Be careful in “replacing history” with your cost benefit analyses – meaning that you should not subsequently update or replace the initial cost benefit analysis used for the conceptual design option evaluation stage. This should be documented in your report correctly as it was done at the time for your design process. It is possible, and indeed likely, that a subsequent cost benefit analysis of the preliminary design(s) identifies new data, information, or errors in the original cost benefit analysis work performed on the conceptual design options. Don’t be afraid to document and describe this and don’t hide it.

If significant problems are found in the original cost benefit analysis work, such that it would have affected the outcome of the evaluation and selection of the best conceptual design option(s) then your group should consider “going back” in the design process and repeating the preliminary design phase with the correct concept option(s). Regardless your group should document these problems if found and justify why, or why not, your group chose to repeat the preliminary design phase or to continue with the existing preliminary design.

If this analysis was not performed by your group then delete this section from your report.
7.3.4 Legal and Regulatory Analysis
Describe any laws or regulations you have identified which may apply to production or use of your product or process. This means a primary focus on laws and regulations that apply to the local community (or communities) that are the target of your proposed solution. In some cases it may be relevant to consider laws and regulations that apply to other count

If you identify any issues then try to provide recommendations to overcome them (this may include recommendations for further research, investigation, analysis, or testing on an issue identified). If this analysis was not performed by your group then delete this section from your report.
7.3.5 Health and Safety Analysis
Describe any Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) or community safety issues which may apply to production or use of your product or process. If you identify any issues then try to provide recommendations to overcome them (this may include recommendations for further research, investigation, analysis, or testing on an issue identified). Make sure to be relevant to the local community (or communities) that are the target of your proposed solution. If this analysis was not performed by your group then delete this section from your report.
7.3.6 Strengths and Weaknesses Analysis
Now that you have explained and justified your proposed design solution, how it works and why it works, describe its strengths and weaknesses. Be honest. It is unlikely that your proposed solution exactly satisfies all the needs of the problem completely and fully.

Your group should clearly state and discuss any identified flaws or weaknesses of the proposed solution. And if possible identify how they might be overcome or reduced, for example perhaps the design requires additional research and development of suitable materials needed to implement it. In SED102 this trimester you have studied the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method that can help with performing this task.

What are the particular strengths of your proposed solution? Compared to existing solutions and methods? Compared to alternative proposed solutions?

Your group may be aware of existing proposed solutions for the same problem your solution targets – and it may be within this EWB Challenge, a previous EWB Challenge (involving a different local community or region), or from other programs and initiatives (including international non-government organisations) that seek to solve the same or similar problem within the same or similar communities.
8 Next Steps
If your proposed solution is accepted by Reignite what needs to happen next? This is what this section describes and discusses.

What is required to be performed in order to fully implement your proposed design in the local community (or communities)?

Describe and discuss how your solution could be implemented in the local community (or communities) for which it has been designed. Make sure to consider how this could actually will occur. Would the local community be given the detailed design to implement by themselves? Would the product or process be partially or wholly produced or implemented by others from outside the community (e.g., Reignite or EWB personnel or others)? Is it likely that the design will/may need a review to further refine the solution once initial production or implementation has begun?

Don’t forget that the implementation of your proposed solution in most cases would in itself be a project needing to be managed as such. It would involve managing the production (or fabrication) of any designed parts, assemblies, systems and any site works necessary to install, test, and operate the complete solution.

Does your proposed solution require the fabrication or production of specific resources such as materials, parts, assemblies, or systems? The difference between fabrication and production is generally the quantity involved: fabrication involving one or a few to be made; production involving more than a few, perhaps hundreds or thousands being made. For example, a custom bridge to span a particular river or creek would involve fabrication of the structure on a one-off basis. For a high-efficiency cook stove for use in the local community (or communities) perhaps we are considering producing a mass quantity of them – say 20, 50, 100, or more. To keep it simple, you can use the term “production” unless your group decides it would prefer to use the term “fabrication”, e.g., for a solution that requires one or, at most, a few of any particular item to be specifically made.

Make sure to consider how the production of any specifically designed items could actually be achieved. Is it likely that your group’s existing design will need to be reviewed and/or refined before production can occur? Does it require prototyping to identify and resolve any production issues? Is it foreseen that the design will require refinement once production and/or implementation is underway? Can existing production technologies and methods be used or does it require modified or technologies, manufacturing methods, or manufacturing equipment to be developed? Where is production to occur? Is it within the local community (or communities)? Has this been fully considered?
8.1 Detailed Design
In most cases, the Whole System Design process will need to be completed (Phase 4: Detail Design) for your proposed solution since most groups will be presenting their Preliminary Design (wholly or partially completed Phase 3: Preliminary Design) in this report.

If your group did undertake and complete the detailed design then promote this section to occur in the report before Next Steps (and make it Section 8 with Next Steps being Section 9 of this report). Use the notes provided for the Preliminary Design section of this report for guidance in writing this particular detailed design section (and only if your group partially or wholly completed the detailed design stage).

For most groups the detailed design work is yet to be done for your proposed solution. If this is the case then provide recommendations and guidance as to how the detailed design phase should be undertaken. It is likely that system prototyping will be required? Should prototypes be tested and evaluated as a necessary stage to optimise the detailed design before the solution is implemented?

In all cases there this section should exist in the final design report. Even if your group did not complete the preliminary design phase there is information and discussion to provide here about the detailed design phase for your proposed solution.
8.2 Implementation
Describe how the designed solution is to be implemented. It should be sufficiently detailed so that it provides sufficient guidance to Reignite or the target local community (or communities) to enable them to implement it. Consider carefully the most appropriate way to present this material so that it can be easily understood by Reignite and the local community (or communities).

Another reminder to make sure your group has thoroughly considered where resources are to be sourced from – where possible and where feasible priority should be given to resources sourced within the local community (or communities).
8.2.1 Implementation Overview
Summarise the process to implement your designed solution. Does the process involve multiple phases? Can it be achieved by the same group or resources or project group? How long will implementation take? Are there any factors or constraints to consider? For example, climate factors – can your solution only be implemented in the dry season? Will it require within it a production process to fabricate required materials, parts, assemblies, or systems needed for your solution? Does your solution as implemented itself result in a production process to be operated by the local community (or communities)?
8.2.2 Implementation Process
Provide as many details as possible on the required implementation process (or processes), i.e., how is your design to be translated into the actual functional and operational solution?

An important section of your report since it enables your group to provide documented evidence that you have fully considered and evaluated how to transform the design, where the performance and value must be estimated, into a functional solution, where the performance and value can be measured.

Make sure to consider the skills, abilities, and resources of all personnel and organisations who are required to be involved in the implementation.

If your proposed solution involves modifying an existing system, structure, or process then you need to consider how the transition would be done and consider the expected impacts (social, economic, and environmental) occurring during the changeover period.
8.2.3 Engineering Drawings for Implementation
Drawings of your designed solution (system, shelter, etc.) should appear in the implementation plan. They can be either hand drawn sketches or CAD drawings. Apply the methods and techniques you have been studying in SED102 Engineering Graphics and CAD this trimester.
8.2.4 Resource Requirements for Implementation
This is where you detail the resources needed to translate your design into the intended solution. An important element of this is a list of the specific materials, parts, items needed – this is generally called a “Bill of Materials”. Also it is appropriate to consider other resource needs as well for items that do not directly form part of the solution but are necessary to produce it, e.g., specific equipment or tools, energy supplies (your product may have specific energy supply needs on site), hoists or cranes needed during on site assembly, etc.)

Make sure to consider the issue where resources are sourced from – where possible. Use common sense, keeping in mind the aim of this project. So focus on the significant/important items only.
8.2.4.1 Bill of Materials for Implementation
Provide a bill (list) of materials needed for implementation. Try to identify all significant/important materials required. For this project try to identify all materials required – even minor items such as bolts, washers, nuts, wire, paint, etc. Remember the context of the project and the resources that are likely to be readily available in the local community (or communities) – so even a minor item like a packet of cable ties might not be readily obtainable locally.

Where possible, identify suitable sources for all items on this list. For example, if your solution requires 100 lineal metres of 70mm x 35 mm structural pine to fabricate the framing of your shelter to be constructed onsite then where can this be obtained?

If any items need to be produced especially for your solution to be implemented then make sure to identify them in this list and to provide corresponding details of how they are to be produced in the Resource Production section below.
8.2.4.2 Other Resources Required for Implementation
Consider all other resources that the implementation needs and that do not already exist within the local community or that may need special arrangements to make them available for the local community.

Maybe your design would require the use of a mobile crane to erect a structure onsite or maybe it requires mechanised digging or boring equipment for necessary site work. Does it require personnel with particular skills or specific training?

Include any resources that may need to be fabricated or manufactured for your solution and for which the production details have not been included in your design, i.e., this work is to be outsourced and was not included within the scope of your design project. For any resources for which the production details have been developed and included as part of your design, provide that information in the Resource Production section immediately below.
8.2.5 Resource Production
Describe and detail how to produce any materials, parts, assemblies, or systems your group has specifically designed to be part of your solution and which are required to be specifically produced in order to implement your designed solution, i.e., those major items that are not available on a commercially off the shelf (COTS) basis. There should be sufficient detail to provide reasonable guidance for the fabrication, manufacture, and/or assembly of the items according to your design.

If your designed solution requires no specific fabrication or manufacture of resources, where all resources are available locally or commercially, then delete this entire Resource Production section (and its corresponding sub-sections).

Also delete this section if the details of how these resources requiring specific fabrication or manufacture are to be developed by the supplier, or suppliers. For example, if it is expected that these resources will be procured on a basis where they are fabricated and manufactured to match your designed requirements but the details of how this is accomplished is not an issue.
8.2.5.1 Resource Production Overview
Summarise the production process (or processes) involved in the production of your specifically designed parts, assemblies, or systems. Your proposed solution may require particular manufacturing processes to be used – either existing processes or ones that are specifically required for your solution. For example your group may have designed a roofing system that uses locally sourced timber requiring a treatment process (such as kiln drying) to transform it into a suitable material for producing your solution.
8.2.5.2 Production Process
Provide as many details as possible on the required production process (or processes), i.e., how is your design to be translated into the actual physical product? This is an important section since it enables your group to provide evidence that you have fully considered how your design will be actually transformed into the intended solution. Make sure to consider the skills, abilities, and resources of those who you intend to be involved in the production.

Is the production process (or processes) to be performed within the local community? Does the capability already exist in the local community? Does is it to be performed elsewhere (remote from the local community) and does the capability already exist?

Since our proposed solutions, in most cases for the EWB Challenge, will be preliminary designs it unlikely that “every nut and bolt” can be specified by your group since the detailed design has yet to be undertaken or completed. For obvious reasons it is typically necessary to complete the detailed design before the production procedure can be fully known and finalised (often it is an iterative part of the detail design process, e.g., inclusion and impact of design-for-manufacture factors).
8.2.5.3 Engineering Drawings for Production
Drawings of your product should appear in the manufacturing plan. They can be either hand drawn sketches or CAD drawings. Apply the methods and techniques you have been studying in SED102 Engineering Graphics and CAD this trimester.
8.2.5.4 Resource Requirements for Production
This is where you detail the resources needed to translate your design into the intended product. An important element of this is a list of the specific materials, parts, items needed to manufacture the product – this is generally called a “Bill of Materials”. Also it is appropriate to consider other resource needs as well for items that do not directly form part of the product but are necessary to produce it, e.g., specific equipment or tools, energy supplies (your product may have specific energy supply needs on site), hoists or cranes needed during on site assembly, etc.)

Make sure to consider where resources are to be sourced from – where possible and where feasible priority should be given to resources sourced within the local community (or communities).
8.2.5.5 Bill of Materials for Production
Provide a brief bill (list) of materials needed for production. Try to identify only the most significant/important materials required to make the product (not including generic or non-specialised tools or equipment needed for manufacture and/or assembly).
8.2.5.6 Other Resources Required for Production
Consider all other resources that any production needs and that do not already exist within the local community or that may need special arrangements to make them available for the local community. Maybe your design requires the use of specific specialised equipment or tools during production, e.g., a CNC-controlled lathe or hot-dip galvanising system capable of treating steel fabrications up to 10 metres in length (probably extreme and unfeasible examples for most EWB Challenge projects). Does it require personnel with particular skills or specific training?
9 Additional Applications of the Proposed Solution
Are there any other possible applications for your proposed solution? These aren’t necessarily uses which you have designed for, but other applications which could benefit from the design work you’ve done here. These don’t have to be fully developed solutions, but rather ideas or concepts which could be pursued in the future by others. This section also describes any feasible variations of the design developed and documented by your group.
10 Conclusions and Recommendations
This is a brief section that wraps up your report. Briefly state what your designed solution aims to achieve: what problem(s) does it seek to solve and what benefits does it seek to offer? Are there any recommendations your report makes? If so, briefly summarise the most significant ones here.

For this font style, font size, page margins, paragraph settings, etc., this section should be about one page in length.
11 References
This section contains a list of the references (bibliography) cited in the report. This provides evidence of the quantity and quality of research undertaken. The number of references listed will vary but for this project it is reasonable to expect that all groups identified and used information from at least 20 referenced sources. For most groups this would be an absolute minimum. There is no absolute maximum size to this list but use common sense – the listing should include only sources of information actually considered in your work so don’t list items that someone read and then was ignored afterwards.

At Deakin for science & engineering writing we prefer that you use the Harvard Style of referencing. Deakin’s online resources to help are available at:

http://www.deakin.edu.au/students/study-support/referencing/harvard
12 Appendices
Optional section if needed for your report. Items that you may wish to include here are additional drawings, sketches, charts, maps, diagrams, design calculations and analysis, spreadsheets, etc.

What you include in an appendix should be entirely relevant to the report but at the same time not essential to be included within the main body of the report. Any appended information should be cited at least once within your report (don’t just pad your report with lots of stuff in the Appendices that are not necessary or are not even referred to within your report).

If not required for your group’s report then delete the Appendices section.
12.1 Appendix 1
12.2 Appendix 2